<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo apt update\r\nsudo apt install vsftpd -y\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n\nAlmaLinux \/ CentOS \/ RHEL Sistemler \u0130\u00e7in:<\/b><\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo dnf install vsftpd -y\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nKurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra servisi ba\u015flatmak ve sunucu her a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u015fu komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo systemctl start vsftpd\r\nsudo systemctl enable<\/span> vsftpd\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n2. Ad\u0131m: FTP Sunucu Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenleme<\/h2>\nG\u00fcvenli ve kararl\u0131 bir FTP sunucusu i\u00e7in konfig\u00fcrasyon dosyas\u0131n\u0131 (vsftpd.conf) d\u00fczenlemeniz gerekir. Dosyay\u0131 bir metin d\u00fczenleyiciyle a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo nano \/etc\/vsftpd.conf\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nDosya i\u00e7erisinde dikkat etmeniz ve d\u00fczenlemeniz gereken kritik ayarlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
\n\nAnonim (Misafir) Giri\u015fleri Kapat\u0131n:<\/b> G\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 yapmayan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sisteme eri\u015fmesini mutlaka engellemelisiniz.<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nPlaintext<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nanonymous_enable=NO\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n\nYerel Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Giri\u015flerine \u0130zin Verin:<\/b> Sunucunuzdaki Linux kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n FTP \u00fczerinden ba\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in bu sat\u0131r aktif olmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nPlaintext<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nlocal_enable=YES\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n\nDosya Yazma \u0130zinlerini Aktif Edin:<\/b> Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sunucuya dosya y\u00fckleyebilmesi veya dosya silebilmesi i\u00e7in yazma iznini a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nPlaintext<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nwrite_enable=YES\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n\nKullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Kendi Dizinlerine Hapsetme (Chroot):<\/b> Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sunucunun k\u00f6k dizinlerinde (root) gezinmesini engellemek ve sadece kendi ana dizinlerinde i\u015flem yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u015fu sat\u0131r\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki yorum i\u015faretini kald\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nPlaintext<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nchroot_local_user=YES\r\nallow_writeable_chroot=YES\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nDe\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydetmek i\u00e7in CTRL + O<\/code> ve ENTER<\/code>, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in CTRL + X<\/code> tu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n. Ard\u0131ndan servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo systemctl restart vsftpd\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n3. Ad\u0131m: G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 (Firewall) Ayarlar\u0131<\/h2>\nFTP protokol\u00fc veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan olarak 20 ve 21 numaral\u0131 portlar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca pasif mod (Passive Mode) i\u00e7in ek port aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131zda gerekli izinleri a\u00e7mal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n
\n\nUFW (Ubuntu \/ Debian) \u0130\u00e7in:<\/b><\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo ufw allow 20\/tcp\r\nsudo ufw allow 21\/tcp\r\nsudo ufw allow 40000:50000\/tcp\r\nsudo ufw reload\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n\nFirewalld (AlmaLinux \/ CentOS) \u0130\u00e7in:<\/b><\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp\r\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n4. Ad\u0131m: FTP Kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Olu\u015fturma ve Yetkilendirme<\/h2>\nSunucunuza yeni bir FTP kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak ve sadece belirli bir web dizinine eri\u015fmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u015fu ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izleyin:<\/p>\n
\n\nYeni bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturun (\u00d6rne\u011fin: ftpuser<\/code>):<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo adduser ftpuser\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n\nKullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre belirleyin.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\nKullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015fece\u011fi dizini ayarlay\u0131n ve sahiplik atay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n\n\n\nBash<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\nsudo chown nobody:nogroup \/home\/ftpuser\r\nsudo chmod a-w \/home\/ftpuser\r\nsudo mkdir \/home\/ftpuser\/www\r\nsudo chown ftpuser:ftpuser \/home\/ftpuser\/www\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nFTP Sunucusu Kurma<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nS\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\nFTP yerine neden SFTP tercih edilmelidir?<\/b> Klasik FTP protokol\u00fc verileri (\u015fifreler dahil) \u015fifrelemeden d\u00fcz metin olarak g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi i\u00e7in a\u011f \u00fczerinde dinlenebilir. SSH tabanl\u0131 SFTP<\/b> ise t\u00fcm trafi\u011fi \u015fifreledi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenlidir ve ek bir FTP servisi kurma gereksinimi duymaz.<\/p>\n
FileZilla ile ba\u011flan\u0131rken “500 OOPS: chroot” hatas\u0131 al\u0131yorum, neden?<\/b> Modern vsftpd s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinde kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kendi ev dizinlerinde yazma iznine sahip olmas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. vsftpd.conf<\/code> dosyas\u0131na allow_writeable_chroot=YES<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ekleyerek bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Pasif mod (Passive Mode) neden gereklidir?<\/b> \u0130stemci taraf\u0131nda aktif bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 veya NAT bulundu\u011funda veri aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in pasif mod port aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sunucuda ve Firewall’da a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek Performansl\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli Sunucu Altyap\u0131s\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in: Verisunucu.net<\/h2>\nProjelerinizde dosya y\u00f6netimi, yedekleme ve veri aktar\u0131m i\u015flemlerini kesintisiz ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in tam yetkili ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir altyap\u0131ya ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131r. %100 NVMe SSD disk mimarisi, y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 network hatlar\u0131 ve tam root eri\u015fim \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sunan Vds sat\u0131n al<\/a><\/b> paketlerimizle FTP sunucunuzu dakikalar i\u00e7inde kurabilir, performans s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Daha esnek, \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir ve b\u00fct\u00e7e dostu alternatifler ar\u0131yorsan\u0131z, Vps sat\u0131n al<\/a><\/b> \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerimizi inceleyebilir; Verisunucu.net kalitesiyle kesintisiz bir sunucu deneyimi ya\u015famaya hemen ba\u015flayabilirsiniz!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bir web sunucusu (VPS veya VDS) y\u00f6netirken, site dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek, yedekleri aktarmak veya \u00e7oklu kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sunucuya g\u00fcvenli bir…","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":10849,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-ipuclari","category-sunucu","cs-entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10846"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10846\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10855,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10846\/revisions\/10855"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/verisunucu.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
1. Ad\u0131m: vsftpd Kurulumu<\/h2>\nSunucunuza SSH \u00fczerinden root veya sudo yetkili bir kullan\u0131c\u0131yla ba\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra, i\u015fletim sisteminizin paket y\u00f6neticisini kullanarak vsftpd kurulumunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
